DSpace Community:

Educação, sujeitos surdos e ensino superior : produção de verdades sobre surdos que ingressam na universidade pelo Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Educação, sujeitos surdos e ensino superior : produção de verdades sobre surdos que ingressam na universidade pelo Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio. Authors: Gabe, Neoli Paulina da Silva Abstract: This thesis is situated within the field of education, problematizing the ways in which truths are produced about deaf students seeking entry into higher education through the National High School Examination (Enem), with an emphasis on the evaluation of essay writing. Anchored in my trajectory as a bilingual teacher of deaf students and a translator-interpreter of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), the research articulates professional experience, document analysis, and theoretical problematization to understand how accessibility policies and evaluative practices operate in the constitution of these subjects. The central object is the Enem Essay Writing Evaluation Guide for Deaf or Hearing-Impaired Participants, produced by INEP from 2020 to 2024, understood as a device that regulates ways of writing, evaluating, and recognizing linguistic difference. The research, grounded in a Foucauldian perspective, engages with authors of deaf studies from a bilingual perspective, highlighting the tensions between power, language, and subjectivation. The analysis includes the selection and training guidelines for essay evaluators, highlighting that, although they claim to consider linguistic specificities, these documents remain anchored in normative writing criteria and training requirements that give little recognition to experience with Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) or bilingual education for deaf people. The statistical synopses of the ENEM (National High School Exam), referring to the period from 2020 to 2024, are mobilized as discursive practices that produce visibilities and classifications about deaf participants. By articulating these data with the notion of deferred textuality, the thesis problematizes the centrality of normative alphabetic writing and shifts the reading of "error" to understand it as an expression of other logics of organizing discourse, anchored in the visual experience of Libras. It is observed that even in the face of attempts at flexibility, normalization processes persist that reinforce written Portuguese as the central reference. Thus, it is argued that the obstacles observed in the assessments do not reside in the deaf participants, but in the assessment system itself, which insists on capturing linguistic difference based on pre-established parameters.

Determinantes metabólicos, clínicos e psicossociais da perda de peso durante o processo da cirurgia bariátrica.

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Determinantes metabólicos, clínicos e psicossociais da perda de peso durante o processo da cirurgia bariátrica. Authors: Uebel, Gabriela Cristina Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Obesity is characterized as a multifactorial chronic condition involving metabolic, clinical, and psychosocial alterations. Although bariatric surgery is recognized as the most effective treatment for sustained weight loss, the mechanisms determining its outcomes include a complex interaction among metabolic biomarkers, lifestyle factors, and mental health. Investigating these determinants in an integrated manner is essential to understand the weight loss process in the surgical context. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the metabolic, clinical, and psychosocial factors related to weight loss in the early postoperative period of bariatric surgery, approximately four months of follow-up, considering the interaction between gut microbiota, bile acids, follistatin, lifestyle, and mental health. MANUSCRIPT 1: Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic condition associated with high morbidity and mortality and increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Bariatric surgery, particularly Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, is the most effective intervention for sustained weight loss and metabolic improvement. Objective: To review the literature on the relationship between weight loss after bariatric surgery, gut microbiota, bile acids, and follistatin. Methodology: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and SciELO databases, covering publications between 2019 and 2025, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Studies involving humans and animal models that evaluated weight loss and at least one biomarker of interest were included. Results: Twenty four articles were included. Findings indicate that bariatric surgery promotes increased bacterial diversity, qualitative and quantitative changes in bile acid metabolism, and early elevation of follistatin levels. These factors are associated with weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity. Conclusion: The interaction among gut microbiota, bile acids, and follistatin levels constitutes a central metabolic axis that contributes to successful weight loss and metabolic benefits following bariatric surgery. Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Gut microbiota; Bile acids; Follistatin; Weight loss. MANUSCRIPT 2: Introduction: Bariatric surgery promotes significant weight loss and rapid metabolic improvement. However, the role of bile acids in this process during the early postoperative period remains incompletely understood. Objective: To evaluate early anthropometric and metabolic changes, including hepatic markers and bile acids, after bariatric surgery and their association with weight loss at four months. Methods: Cross sectional observational with assessments in the preoperative period and four months after bariatric surgery. Total serum bile acids, lipid profile, glycemia, liver enzymes, C-reactive protein, and uric acid were analyzed. Weight loss was expressed as percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL). Physical activity was assessed using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: The sample consisted of eight women. A significant reduction in body weight and BMI was observed after four months, with %TWL of 20.2 ± 3.8% and %EWL of 60.8 ± 13.1% (p < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.015) and gamma glutamyltransferase (p = 0.021), while total bile acids did not show significant changes. A positive correlation was identified between %TWL and reduction in uric acid (ρ = 0.786; p = 0.028). No associations were observed between weight loss and physical activity practice. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery promoted expressive weight loss and early metabolic improvement, whereas changes in total bile acid levels were not observed in the early period, suggesting a progressive adaptation of this metabolic axis. MANUSCRIPT 3: Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic condition associated with important psychosocial repercussions. Although bariatric surgery is effective for sustained weight loss, its effects on body image perception and mental health in the early postoperative period remain poorly understood. Objective: To evaluate changes in body image perception and mental health indicators in patients undergoing bariatric surgery during the early postoperative period. Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study conducted with 10 adult individuals followed in a specialized service. Body image perception was assessed using the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire – Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS), and mental health was evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), applied in the preoperative period and approximately four months after surgery. Results: A reduction in body weight and body mass index was observed in the early postoperative period, along with improvements in specific domains of body image perception and reduction of dysfunctional eating behaviors. Conversely, mental health indicators did not show relevant changes during the evaluated period. Conclusion: In the early postoperative period of bariatric surgery, improvements in body image perception and eating behavior are more evident than changes in mental health indicators, suggesting that psychological adaptation occurs gradually and reinforcing the importance of continuous psychosocial follow-up.

Avaliação da manutenção dos serviços ecossistêmicos fornecidos pela avifauna em área sob interferência de atividade mineradora em leito de curso hídrico.

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Avaliação da manutenção dos serviços ecossistêmicos fornecidos pela avifauna em área sob interferência de atividade mineradora em leito de curso hídrico. Authors: Meurer, Daiana Elisa Abstract: This study investigates the ecological role of birds and their importance in providing ecosystem services for the conservation of biodiversity. The research was structured in two phases: a bibliometric review and an applied field study. The bibliometric analysis (2020–2025) revealed a global landscape led by China and the U.S., focusing on the impacts of agricultural intensification, yet highlighting a lack of direct quantification of the services provided by birdlife. The field study assessed the bird community along the Vacacaí River, comparing areas with (CM) and without sand mining (SM). A total of 104 species (37 families) were recorded, with a sampling efficiency of 82.54% (Jackknife 1). The results indicated greater diversity in the CM area (Shannon-Weaver: 3.317) and greater relative richness in the SM area (Margalef: 9.122). Community structure showed significant seasonal variation (p = 0.029), with NMDS clustering indicating cohesion in winter and dispersion in summer. Insectivores (32.7%) and species with low sensitivity to disturbances (72.4%) predominated. It is concluded that seasonality, and not mining alone, is the main structuring factor of the local community, reinforcing the need for continuous monitoring to maintain ecological functions in the region.

Educar a raça, governar a vida : biopolítica e a produção de sujeitos no boletim de eugenia (1929-1933).

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Educar a raça, governar a vida : biopolítica e a produção de sujeitos no boletim de eugenia (1929-1933). Authors: Fraga, Cristian Moreira Abstract: The present study analyzes and problematizes the propositions concerning education presented by the eugenic periodical Boletim de Eugenia (1929–1933). Aiming to understand the importance, function, and characteristics of an ideal education for the Brazilian eugenics movement, the research sought to examine how these discourses— which perpetuated scientific racism— shaped the subjectivities of the population in the early decades of the twentieth century, influenced state decisions, and how their legacies persist in contemporary Brazilian society. Through documentary research, the 42 issues of the eugenic periodical published between 1929 and 1933 were analyzed, as well as legal frameworks (such as the Federal Constitutions of 1934 and 1937), in addition to newspapers and other publications circulating at the time. The analysis of the eugenic document is justified by its importance as one of the main instruments for disseminating eugenic principles and by its circulation among the country’s economic, political, and intellectual elites. Eugenics was a social theory with strong racial connotations, created and developed by the English anthropologist Francis Galton (1822–1911). In Brazil, it received numerous interpretations, initially being associated with the sanitary-hygienist movement that was highly influential at the time, and later acquiring more deterministic contours. Focusing on Brazil and analyzing the theorization of the eugenicist Renato Kehl (1889–1978), this study engages in dialogue with Michel Foucault (1926–1984) and Berenice Bento (1966–), drawing on the concepts of Biopolitics, State Racism, the dispositif of sexuality, and necrobiopolitics to problematize and propose that eugenics in Brazil bears specific markings that constitute a singular theoretical formation within the country. These markings continue to persist in contemporary society and even permeate related theories that seek to relinquish such markers.