Prevalência de enterococcus spp. resistente à vancomicina em pacientes adultos internados na unidade de tratamento intensivo de um hospital escola do Rio Grande do Sul.

Abstract

Hospitalized patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are more vulnerable to health care associated infections (HAIs). Enterococci resistant to multiple drugs (RMD's) are the main promoters of IRAS in the hospital. Excessive use of vancomycin may promote the development of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and this can transfer their resistance to other gram positive microorganisms. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of VRE of hospitalized patients in the adult ICU of a teaching hospital of Rio Grande do Sul. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study, which was included retrospective data from patients who were admitted to the adult ICU of April to December 2015, with positive for VRE, and analyzed in a prospective phase, from January to April 2016, samples of patients with 72 hours of hospitalization in the adult ICU, checking VRE. Retrospective data were obtained in the files of assistant laboratory and medical records of patients and prospective data were obtained from medical records of patients and analysis of clinical samples. During the study period, in the retrospective phase, it analyzed 663 crops, were not are found VRE, in the prospective phase, identified the mean age, 56.75 (± 20.2) years, time average hospitalization, 4.75 (± 3.4) days, 23 (57.5%) were women, 33 (82.5%) were white, 31 (77.5%) patients were using antibiotics, 25 (62, 5%) had invasive procedures, 29 (72.5%) had chronic disease and 9 (22.5%) were diaper users. We have found 6 (15%) patients colonized with Enterococcus spp., Of these, the mean age was 62.83 (± 22.2) years, the length of stay average was 4.75 (± 5.7) days , 4 (66.6%) were women, 5 (83.3%) were white, 6 (100%) were treated with antibiotics, 4 (66.6%) had invasive procedure, 5 (83.3%) had chronic disease, and 5 (83.3%) were using diapers, but was not found VRE. It can be concluded that in the period from April 2015 to April 2016 adult intensive care unit of a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul were not found cases of VRE, due probably the rational and safe use of this antibiotic within this unit.