Relação entre o peso ao nascer e fatores de risco cardiometabólicos em escolares.

Abstract

Objective: To verify if changes in birth weight are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in schoolchildren. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 2094 children and adolescents, both boys and girls, aged between 7 and 17 years old, from the public and private schools in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul. The birth weight was evaluated through a questionnaire sent to the parents of the students. The Z score of five metabolic risk factors was calculated: waist circumference (WC); Systolic blood pressure (SBP); Triglycerides (TG); HDL cholesterol and glucose. The data were analyzed in the statistical program SPSS v. 23.0, considering differences for p <0.05. Results: Both boys and girls showed that SB and SBP were significantly (p <0.05) higher among students who were born with excess weight. Still, among the girls, a higher mean of MRE was observed among those who were born with excess weight. However, girls who were born with adequate weight had higher levels of triglycerides and glucose. Among boys, it is observed that the difference in CC and SBP is in comparison with the excess weight. Among girls, CC differs from adequate weight for low / underweight and for overweight at birth. The levels of triglycerides, SBP and ERM differ only for the low weight / insufficient group; Glucose differs for the overweight group. Conclusion: It was concluded that WC and SBP are higher among students who were born with overweight, in both sexes. Among girls, the metabolic risk score is also higher among those who were born with excess weight.