Mulher e trabalho rural : interfaces sob a ótica do discurso jornalístico em um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul.

Abstract

In contemporary society a lot is produced about the articulations between gender and work. However, it was noticed that these occur, mostly, in a urban-industrial context. Therefore, through personal and academic implications, engages in rural space, little debated in scientific environment, questioning which are discourses circulate, in the local media of a small township in Rio Grande do Sul’s interior, namely, Sinimbu/RS, about the intersections between women and rural work. For this, a documentary research was done in the local newspaper, Tribuna Popular, important vehicle of information and communication, seeking to locate possible relationships between women and the rural work in the media discourse, as well as investigating other possible intersections. Clipping resources were used in the newspaper editions, in addition to recording logs in a field journal, as methodological tools for data production. As theoretical/methodological perspective, Speech Analysis was used, in its french slope, strongly crossed by the Foucaultian studies. It was based in some of Michel Foucault’s concepts, such as discourse, enunciation and discursive formation, in addition to theorizations of contemporary authors, who articulate discourse analysis to gender, media and politics, such as Céli Pinto, Rosa Fischer and Maria Gregolin. From the production and analysis of the data referring to the 56 editions of this weekly newspaper, published between march 2015 and march 2016, it was observed the proximity of the rural women to the labor activities of the domestic sphere. Besides that, the intersection with other discursive fields was evidenced, such as the culture/Germanic tradition, the social mobilization and the crossing of economic-capitalist discourse. The tobacco companies appear as holders of economic power, which affect the social and working practices of women and men in the municipality, as well as the newspaper’s publications. It was also observed the predominance of a familiar agricultural production method, crossed by patriarchal, sexist and capitalist discourses. This power contributes to the (re)production of media discourses that see women as mothers, wives and helpers in the agriculture. In this way, it was perceived that various discourses pervade the ways women are talked about in this local newspaper, in a given social and historical context. It is not possible to state, however, how these materializations produce subjects, and vice versa, pointing to the need of more studies about the subject matter, problematizing the relationships between media, subjectivities’ production and the rural environment.