As condicionalidades do Programa Bolsa Família e suas repercussões no território : o caso das famílias beneficiárias em Chapecó, SC.

Abstract

This dissertation, carried out in the Postgraduate Program in Regional Development of the University of Santa Cruz do Sul (PPGDR / UNISC), presents an analysis of the repercussion of the conditionalities of the Bolsa Família Program in Chapecó, SC, from the access of beneficiary families to Socioassistential rights, a territorial cut elected for being the municipality considered as an economic pole of the West of Santa Catarina and for presenting a considerable number of beneficiary families. The method of approach used for this research is the materialist dialectic and historical, as it enables a critical reading of social reality. This research is qualitative and exploratory. We used bibliographical review and documentary research to better understand the phenomenon studied. Primary data collection was carried out through interviews with beneficiary families of Bolsa Família and CRAS professionals who work directly with this population. Secondary data from the SAGI (Social Information Report) platform of the Ministry of Social Development and Fight Against Hunger (MDS, 2015) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2015) were also collected. In Brazil, the income transfer programs inaugurate a debate that deepens in the 1990s, in which Plano Brasil Sem Miséria and the Bolsa Família Program have become one of the main strategies of social protection from Of the National Policy of Social Assistance. In this way, thinking about regional development, focused on the territorial question becomes fundamental for the elaboration of public policies focused on the promotion of the territory, considering its peculiarities. It can not be denied that Bolsa Família expanded and integrated social programs, articulating actions and intersectoriality in the territory between the federal government and states and municipalities. The main results identified in this study show that the conditionalities of the Bolsa Família Program contribute to the access of beneficiary families to socio-welfare rights. However, it is identified that Bolsa Família has an effect only on poverty alleviation and not on overcoming the situation of social vulnerability. The program presents difficulties in guaranteeing the provision of Social Assistance, Health and Education services, jeopardizing the process of implementing Bolsa Família conditionalities. The challenges of the Program for the territory of Chapecó are related especially to the work developed from the Centers of Reference of Social Assistance (CRAS), since there is a great difficulty to sensitize the families to participate in the actions promoted by the professionals, as well as Ensure that they enter the labor market because of low schooling. The professionals showed some suggestions to qualify the implementation of the program, such as the search for the guarantee of the empowerment of beneficiaries through education, especially through professional courses such as Pronatec; The creation of a conditionality in the Program linked to social assistance that would guarantee a greater participation of the families in the activities promoted by CRAS; As well as a commitment of the public power to the professionalization of this population. Some criticisms were also identified regarding the Program, such as: the lack of honesty of some people when declaring their income; Difficulties in administering the Program; Incorrect feeding of data on the SICON platform; The demobilization of public power in strengthening networking, among other aspects. It was also observed that in Chapecó there is no process of execution and monitoring of the actions involving the areas of health, education and social assistance. Networking is also a challenge that needs to be overcome in the territory of Chapeco. This study highlights that it is essential that Social Assistance, Health and Education dialogue on territory, overcoming the challenges in working with this population, filling these gaps, thinking about the organization of services that will strengthen the network of care to beneficiary families of the population. Family Grant Program. Finally, it was found that conditionalities are fundamental to the process of social inclusion, autonomy and protagonism of beneficiaries, although the need to have some adjustments in the process of implementing the Bolsa Família Program is identified.