Pesquisa de polimorfismos dos genes BRAF, KRAS e NRAS em portadores de câncer colorretal.

Abstract

The development of colorectal neoplasia is associated with exposure to risk factors that may have their origin in the environment, lifestyle or genetic. It is known that some genetic mutations found in RCC have a direct influence on the efficacy of monoclonal antibody treatment. The general objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the prevalence of mutations in the BRAF, KRAS and NRAS genes, to characterize the demographic profile and the family history of patients submitted to colorectal tumors and polyps by colonoscopy in the central and the Rio Pardo valley State of Rio Grande do Sul. Article I: After the analysis of the medical records of the pre-surgical patients of CRC attended by the Unified Health System (SUS) at the Hospital Ana Nery, they were characterized and the frequency of CCR Among the municipalities of the 9th and 28th health regions of Rio Grande do Sul. Thirty-five pre-surgical patients with colorectal neoplasia were included in the study, most of them male, non-smoking, diagnosed in stage II disease And when analyzed family history for the neoplasia was found significant for the development of the disease. Article II: The objective of this article was to determine the frequency of mutations in the KRAS and BRAF genes in preoperative CRC patients treated by the Ana Nery Hospital and the patients submitted to collection of tumor tissue during a colonoscopy in a Santa Maria clinic. A total of 40 samples were collected. The mean age was 60.35 (± 13.63) years and 57.5% of the patients were diagnosed in stage II colorectal neoplasia. When we analyzed the frequency of mutations, we detected only one patient with a mutation at codon 12/13 of the KRAS gene, representing 2.4%. The low frequency of mutations may be related to the miscigenation of the populations studied and the lack of tumor heteronicity.