Suscetibilidade genética, dano e reparação do DNA e sua relação com o perfil fisiopatológico de pacientes com câncer de pulmão.

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer has high morbidity and mortality, and in 2016, according to INCA (2017), the number of cases was 28,220, of which 17,330 were men and 10,890 were women. The treatment consists of the use of chemotherapeutic agents that, like the disease, attack the cells and can cause DNA damage. Objective: Investigate DNA damage and repair in patients with lung cancer in chemotherapy and its relationship with the pathophysiological profile. Methods: A case-control study evaluated 24 patients with lung cancer (CA) and 23 individuals with no smoking history or cancer in the family and without respiratory disease in childhood (CO). Peripheral blood lymphocytes were used to perform alkaline comet assay (pH> 13) and to assess DNA damage as well as to evaluate Methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) DNA repair after 1 hour (h) and 3 h at 37 ° C. The percentage of residual damage (DR) after 3 h of MMS treatment was calculated for each patient. Results: the majority of patients were in the AC group, male patients, former smokers, with a history of smoking for 15 years and without associated comorbidities. Alkaline and residual damages were higher in the AC group when compared to controls (alkaline damage p = 0.015 and DR p = 0.05). After 1 h of MMS treatment the DNA damage of the CA increased indicating failure to repair it, compared to the controls, and after 3 h DNA repair was observed in both groups. Conclusion: Patients with lung cancer are mostly men, former smokers and with more than 15 years of tobacco consumption, undergoing chemotherapy, have high rates of DNA damage and deficiency in their ability to repair against induced damage when compared to Controls.