Federalismo no Brasil e na Alemanha : o fortalecimento da esfera local a partir dos consórcios intermunicipais.

Abstract

The institutional and political architecture of a state is challenged to manage the various objectives that are contained in ideals of socioeconomic integration. Federalism is perfected and formed through this aggregating function, in which some countries are organized according to this model, as is the case of Brazil and Germany. To strengthen this structure, by guaranteeing greater regional development, maintenance of competences and the implementation of public policies, the Federal Constitution of 1988 brought intermunicipal cooperation linked to the discussion about the process of decentralization of policies and the rise of municipalities. This research had the following problems: From the intermunicipal consortia, as a strategy of interaction between the municipalities, could these serve to strengthen the local sphere, with the maintenance of local competencies, especially in the environment? To respond to this questioning, we used the research technique indirect bibliographic documentation, being handled several works on the subject, both German and Brazilian authors, among others. The method of approach was the deductive one, since it was realized from an analysis of the federalism of Brazil and Germany, focusing on the municipalities. And the procedure method was the comparative one, where the German and Brazilian federations were compared, focusing on municipalities, subsidiarity principle, state organization and intermunicipal cooperation models. This practice benefits not only in the sense of public policies, but also in relation to intermunicipal relations, in a way in which they are recognized by the group of participants, identifying common problems and ways of intervening. The study is based on the line of public policies that compose the course, since it aims, in a general way, to verify from the study of the federalism of both countries, how much the intermunicipal consortia serve as the basis for the maintenance of local competences, aiming at the strengthening of municipalities, with the implementation of the principle of subsidiarity and greater concretization of public policies in the environment. Thus, it was concluded that the consortium form is an alternative means for a better performance of the public power in the accomplishment of environmental competences and public policies, given the difficulty of their institutional and financial capacities.