A relação do cuidador com o bebê e a criança pequena em contexto de acolhimento institucional.

Abstract

The sheltering institucional practices for children and teenagers in abandone or mistreatment situations are antique. However, is recent the understading of this environment to give support not only to the physical needs, but that sheltering has to be short and ran through affect relations. In the Brazilian cenario, when there is babies, children and teenagers’ violation of rights, the practice more often used independently of the age group is the institutional sheltering. In this sense, especially face of toddlers and young children’s age group from zero to three years old, means that this step known for some theorists as “early childhood” is considered of extreme importance to the human development, including emotional and psychological development. Inside this context, the relation the baby and the child establish with adult caregivers is a highlighted relation. From these issues, it has noticed that there are few researches emphasizing the age group from zero to three years in the context of institutional sheltering, despite the relevance already guaranteed from the beginning of life and of the first relations face of babies and children development. In this way, the objective of this research was knowing the relation of the caregivers with babies and young children in sheltering situation at an institution located at the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul. As goal it was searched to understand the representations a caregiver have about their role to the care and their perceptions about their jobs with toddlers and small children. To correspond the objectives were used as research methodology the individual interviews with caregivers who daily work with babies and young children and the quotidian observations. The interviews were transcribed, as well as the observations were registered. The collected data were analysed from the content analysis, being formulated four categories of analysis. The first says about professional’s attempt to built an identity inside the context of institutional sheltering. It’s noticed the difficulty in establishing clear and defined edges from the practices of care and from the relation with toddlers and children. The second heading approaches the caregivers’ perceptions concerning the “prerequisites” face of contact with the baby in this environment. The next category points out the ruptures, comings and goings, emphasizing the reality of the institutional sheltering which is passed by these separations. And the last heading approaches the matter of “time” brought in an emphatic way by the interviewees and of the implications for the babies and young children. As hypothesis, the contact with the baby and the child inside an institutional sheltering context evokes primal issues, making the comprehension of the borders in their role complex. The institutional reality traced by several ruptures may cause defensive strategies in the caregivers in face of the relation with children, where they start to focus the predetermined routine and the actions of physical care.