Anticorpos contra chlamydia trachomatis e síndrome metabólica.

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MS) comprises a cluster of risk factors for atherosclerotic disease. Pathogens such as Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helycobacter pylori may be involved on triggering and perpetuation of atherogenesis, but their relationship with MS is rather unknown. Exposition to Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in patients with MS has been unexplored in the literature up to date. Objective: to evaluate the association, if any, of IgA and IgG anti-CT antibodies and occurrence of MS. Methods: in this cross-sectional study, patients with MS with and without previous cardiovascular disease and age and age and sex-matched controls were evaluated. MS diagnosis was based on NCEP criteria. IgA and IgG anti-CT antibodies were detected by immunoenzymatic assay; titers above 1.1 units were considered as positive. The chi-squared test was utilized for comparison of categoric variables, and the t test for continuous variables. To estimate the association of anti-CT antibodies and MS, odds ratios were calculated. Logistic regression was utilized for adjustment of age and sex. Results. The total survey included 238 individuals: 101 patients (42.5%) with MS without cardiac events; 47 (19.7%) with MS and previous cardiac events; and 90 (37.8%) healthy controls. Females predominated in the 3 groups of patients. The global mean age was 59.7 years. The prevalence of a positive test for IgA anti-CT was higher in patients with MS (17%) than in controls (6%) (P=0.015). Elevated levels of IgA anti-CT associated significantly with occurrence of MS in comparison to healthy controls after adjustment for sex and age (OR=3.4; CI95% 1.2-9,4; P=0.015). In the subgroup analysis, elevated levels of IgA anti-CT were more prevalent in non-complicated MS than in controls (P=0.013). After adjustment for age and sex, the association of IgA anti-CT with non-complicated MS remained defined (OR=3.6; CI95% 1.32-10,2; P=0.015). Conclusions: IgA anti-CT antibodies, possibly of acute phase, were more prevalent in MS than in healthy controls. A positive test for IgA anti-CT associated particularly to noncomplicated MS. The role of such IgA response in patients with MS should be detailed in forecoming studies.