O chão do sertão em transformação : interações espaciais e reestruturação urbano-regional piauiense : uma análise da região de influência da cidade de Picos/PI.

Abstract

This thesis aims to analyze how the productive restructuring, from the rural sector of Picos/PI, contributed to the conformation of spatial interactions, inside its region of urban influence, as well as in the urban and regional development processes. Such restructurings provide condictions for Picos to become a reference city of wide regional influence on its 55 towns, considering its regional area, in which some of them are located outside the terriotial charts of Piauí. Such extent, it is only possible due to the daily attractiveness that the city promotes over vast populational masses that relocate from their towns of origin towards Picos. The reasons for such condition are the concentrations of a wide and diversified quantitative of public and private equipment, which provide varied products and services, able to assist multiple needs of the populational groups mentioned. Such equipment is represented by an endless number of stores, markets, offices, apart from services in the educational and health areas, as well as assistances and activities, mainly the ones related to the Local Productive Arregements (APL’S) of cashew and apiculture, with huge importance to the related regional area. Thus, Picos is set as a relevant Functional Urban Area (FUA). Such condition places it as a Regional Command City, denominational and conceptual proposal, that emerges as a point of arrival since the results of its study. Thereby, the main importance of those facts is the constitution of different spatial interactions, that provide conditions to interpret Picos as an essential provider of social integration. Linked to this qualification, Picos shows outstanding characteristics of a functional Policentrism, represented by the morphology aspects and relations among urban areas, resulting from the population, capitals, products and services dynamic flows, that on a daily basis, happen on the countryside of its region. The cut of the temporal context of the research occurs between the years 2000 to 2018. On this context, the following research problem addresses the paths that subsidized the pathway of its study: How have the reflects, deriving of the productive restructuring, resulting from the rural areas of Picos/PI, influenced on the spatial interactions organization and on the development of a urban-regional net in the Piauí backwoods? From this point, it is conceived the overall aim that says: analyze how the productive restructuring, deriving from the rural sector of Picos/PI, contributed to the spatial interactions conformation, inside its urban region influence, as well as in the urban and regional development processes. Regarding the methodological framework, guide of its research, it was opted the usage of the historical materialism method. As the analitycal cut of this method, it stands out the one regarded to the Totality. As a result, the set of conditions, that Picos experienced, represented by the different restructuring processes, in its region, placed it whereas a Regional Command City. Such condition, not only strengthened the bonds, as well as it designed a new urban regional hierarchy, through new emerging urban patterns in Brazil, and also their recognition of the development possibilities and/or regional integration.