Representações da educação na cultura política comunista no Brasil da Guerra Fria.

Abstract

This dissertation is connected to History of Education, especially to the non-formal educational practices developed by and for the Brazilian communists while they were clandestine during the Cold War period (1945-1989). The sources used is this paper are two autobiographical works: Memórias de um Stalinista, by Hércules Corrêa, and O Retrato, by Osvaldo Peralva. The Military Police Inquiry 709, volume 2, later organized and published by the Library of the Army, was also used as source in this paper. This study’s main goal is to analyze the representations about education and communist political culture produced both by the military and the communists themselves. As specific goals, this paper intends to describe the communists’ main educational practices made in and for clandestinity in the Cold War context, and to relate these practices to the representations about the communist political culture. The reference material uses the concepts of Education (FREIRE, 1988; BRANDÃO, 2007; GOHN, 2006), Political Culture (BERSTEIN, 1998; MOTTA, 2013; KUSCHNIR, CARNEIRO, 1999), Clandestinity (LACERDA FILHO, 2011; SCARPELLI, 2009) and Representation (CHARTIER, 1988; PESAVENTO, 2005; BARROS, 2013). The methodology is qualitative and is based on documental analysis (CELLARD, 2008). It is concluded that the representations about the communists made in the inquiry and in the autobiographical sources were linked to the context of the Cold War, such as the representations of the red threat, infiltration, and indoctrination. The communists’ main educational practices included courses of practical and theorical education in clandestinity. Besides that, the communist political culture also worked as an educational agent by giving support to the partisans’ education and to their revolutionary cause.