Alterações citopatológicas em exames de papanicolaou na cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul.

Abstract

Cervical cancer (UCC) is a disease that has a high potential for prevention and cure when diagnosed early. It is usually asymptomatic and its evolution is slow, with detectable and curable pre-clinical phases. The CCU is the third most frequent cancer in the female population and the fourth cause of death of women due to neoplasia in Brazil. Since the implantation of the preventive exam in the 1990s, there has been a breakthrough in the country in its ability to perform a diagnosis in which 70% of the cases diagnosed before this were considered an invasive disease. In view of the above, this study aimed to determine the cytopathological changes in women who underwent Papanicolaou examination by the Unified Health System in a laboratory in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul / RS. To do so, we collected data from cytopathological reports in the laboratory using the information system for cancer to view the results of the examinations carried out in 2017 in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul. The variables referring to age and cytopathological alteration were selected. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics in SPSS version 25.0. Results: In 2017, 6,332 women underwent cytopathological examination, where 79 cases had some cellular atypia, 32.9% of which had scaly epithelium, 67.1% had squamous and glandular epithelium. Of the most common atypical squamous cells of unspecified significance (ASC-US) in 38 reports, low grade lesions (LSIL) were more prevalent in women younger than 25 years, and high grade lesions (HSIL) in women over 55 years of age. Regarding the age of the women, a higher frequency was observed between the age group of 34 to 40 years and the mean of 39.7 years. Conclusion: It was possible to observe that the most frequent atypical cells were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, LSIL were more prevalent in women younger than 25 years, HSIL in women over 55 years of age. Thus, the importance of cytopathological examination, which can diagnose cervical neoplasias early, and the importance of the collection performed correctly by qualified professionals to guarantee the quality of the results is highlighted.