Avaliação da citotoxicidade em linhagem celular de glioma e do potencial antioxidante de oleoresinas de Capsicum spp.

Abstract

Cytotoxicity in glioma cell line and antioxidant capacity of Capsicum spp. Capsicum chinense Jacq and Capsicum frutescens L. are species of peppers that lead the national trade, with production above 18 thousand tons per year. They are rich in capsaicinoids, secondary metabolites largely studied for their antioxidant and antineoplasic activity. They are liberating by physical damage or processing, being volatile and pungent. This study proposed evaluate the content of phenolic compounds and capsaicin, associating antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in C6 glioma cell line. The capsaicinoids were extracted with methanol by the Soxhlet method, obtaining concentrated oleoresins. The quantification of phenolic compounds by gallic acid equivalence (GAE) and the capsaicin concentration by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were measured. The antioxidant activity was measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) method and the cytotoxicity in the C6 glioma cell line was evaluated by the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The species C. frutescens and C. chinense showed 36,312 and 35,374 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram of oleoresin; 40.917 and 29.801 mg capsaicin per gram of oleoresin; 603,746 and 550,210 μmol of Trolox Equivalent (TE) per gram of oleoresin; and IC50 = 286,15 and 504,53 μg/mL, respectively. The capsaicin standard showed antioxidant potential 14 times higher than oleoresins and IC50 = 135.81 μg/mL. There was interference in cell viability and antioxidant activity related to capsaicin and to oleoresins, where C. frutescens being the one with the greatest potential for the analyzes tested.