Avaliação de variáveis interferentes no tratamento de pacientes portadores de HIV/AIDS.

Abstract

Discovered at the end of the 20th century, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) affects around 36.7 million people worldwide (UNAIDS), being considered the global threat of recent times. HIV compromises the functioning of the patient's immune system, making it weaker and prone to various diseases, the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by several clinical manifestations, among them the low level of CD4 200 / mm³ lymphocytes, which characterizes the onset of infection, treatment with antiretrovirals significantly decreases the time of infection progression, reducing the mortality rate, being the major ally in controlling the progression of infection. For any therapy to be successful, it is necessary for individuals to be aware of the importance of adherence to treatment, there are other factors that can influence the response to treatment, such as the use of legal / illegal drugs. The objective of this study was to analyze the treatment status and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with HIV in the period from 2015 to 2016 in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul. The epidemiological, clinical and behavioral data of the individuals were collected in medical records, statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software for Windows version 21.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). A total of 106 patients were analyzed, 58.5% were male, 91.5% were heterosexual, 29.2% were AIDS patients and 23.6% were drug users. The most commonly used treatment was triple therapy (tenofovir + lamivudine + efavirenz), with adhesion of 69.8%. The chronic use of drugs for other diseases was 22.6%, with a predominance of antidepressants (60.7%). Among the associated diseases, the most prevalent was syphilis (9.4%). The mean proportion of CD4 / CD8 LT cells, compared to patients who used plain or illicit drugs, and those who did not, was 26.6% and 41.13% in 2015, respectively. In the year 2016, the proportion of CD4 / CD8 LT cells obtained increased considerably in the group of drug users, of 42.71% and 55.8% in non-users. The viral load of drug users and nonusers had an average of 203,412.41 copies / mL, and 102,545.15 copies / mL, respectively. There was a higher incidence in males, heterosexuals, with incomplete elementary education, predominantly age 36-49 years, it was verified that the adhesion is related to the female sex. Estimating the relationship between high viral load, and CD4 / CD8 ratio decreased with the population of users of licit and illicit drugs