Análise do perfil hematológico laboratorial de pacientes em tratamento quimioterápico atendidos em uma unidade de referência.

Abstract

Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells leading to the formation of abnormal tissue. This disease has become a public health problem throughout the world, representing in Brazil the second largest cause of death among the population. Identified as the third most common type of cancer, colorectal cancer manifests slowly in the segments of the large intestine with the appearance of polyps. The earlier this disease is diagnosed the greater the chances of cure and quality of life of the patient. Objective: A retrospective study was performed at the Oncology Unit of the Ana Nery Hospital. The aim was to analyze the hematological profile of the laboratory exams of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to compare these results with gender, age group and drug regimen used. Methods: We evaluated the exams and medical records of 51 patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy in the period 2016 - 2017, in both genders, and performed a spreadsheet that was analyzed in SPSS software version 20.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0). Results: Among the 51 patients evaluated, 28 were males aged between 71 and 80 years. The treatment in this most used study was a set of 3 drugs, Eloxatin + Tecnovorin + Faudlfluor, where 51 of the 51 evaluated patients performed the same medication regimen during the 6 cycles, hematological changes occurred in 16 patients presenting a frequency of anemia in the 1st cycle (51.6%), in the other parameters there were no changes. Conclusion: Hematological toxicities were not frequent in the treatment regimen evaluated and performed by the patients, thus, it was possible to guarantee a better efficacy in use and adjuvant drugs.