Avaliação das características bioquímicas, sociodemográficas, antropométricas e de polimorfismos genéticos em crianças e adolescentes com perfil glicêmico e insulínico alterado.

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a worldwide problem that triggers various comorbidities, and in addition to genetic factors, may be associated with the development of insulin resistance and sensitivity. Objective: Thus, the present study evaluated the biochemical, sociodemographic, anthropometric and genetic polymorphisms in children and adolescents with altered glycemic and insulin profile. Methods: This was a crosssectional study that analyzed a sample of 176 children and adolescents, aged between seven and 17 years. The analysis of the anthropometric profile, lipid and glycemic profile, insulin profile, resistance and insulin sensitivity by the HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) and QUICKI (Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index) and molecular analysis of the RBP4 and FTO genes were performed. The data were analyzed in the statistical program SPSS v. 20.0. The study was approved by CEP. Results: It was observed that 39.8% of the sample were overweight, and 15.9% and 47.7% of the sample presented HOMA-IR and QUICKI altered, respectively. Age, abdominal circumference, percentage of fat, BMI, glucose, triacylglycerols and insulin were associated to HOMA-IR and QUICKI and HDL-cholesterol only to HOMA-IR. Analyzes performed with the SNPs showed that the T allele of FTO rs9939609 and allele A of RBP4 rs3758539 had higher median HOMA-IR and plasma insulin, and lower mean QUICKI. However, both showed no significant relationship. Glucose levels had a significant increase in FTO allele A rs9939609. Conclusions: This study suggests the relationship between obesity and insulin resistance. We observed the need for further studies, especially those that address the genetic pathogenesis of IR, including the study of adipokines.