Efetividade da orientação farmacêutica sobre a adesão e conhecimento farmacoterapêutico a pacientes com câncer de mama em tratamento com tamoxifeno.

Abstract

Breast cancer is the second-leading cause of death in the world. It is also the most common in the female population with more than 1,000,000 cases worldwide. In Brazil, estimates indicated that 57,960 new cases of the disease were diagnosed in 2016, and although there is a great heterogeneity in the distribution of new cases and deaths from breast cancer, the highest rates of occurrence and mortality occurred in the South and Southeast of the country. Treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator, tamoxifen, for 5 years, presents reductions of 30% to 50% in recidivism, contralateral disease and lethality; as well as in the prevention of healthy women who are at high risk of developing the disease, reduces the risk of invasive and non-invasive breast cancer by 50%. Despite these satisfactory data, treatment duration of at least 5 years associated with patient factors, pharmacotherapy, clinical, health service, among others, may favor the low adherence to the treatment, being this one related to the lower survival and increase of the risk of cancer recurrence. Thus, understanding the influential pharmaceutical assistance on the subordinate variables knowledge and adhesion of tamoxifen, the objective of the academic work was to verify the effectiveness of the pharmaceutical orientation on the adherence and knowledge of the drug of breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen, hosted in the Center of Integrated Oncology; to analyze the profile of socioeconomic, health, sociodemographic and behavioral factors with the non adherence to drug therapy of women with breast cancer accompanied in the IOC. The study presented a quasi-experimental design of pre and posttreatment measures with a non-equivalent control group. The sample consisted of women aged 18 years and over, diagnosed with breast cancer, who had used the drug tamoxifen for more than 6 months and who were enrolled in the IOC health service by the Unified Health System (SUS). In the adhesion test we found a significant change between the means of the pre-test versus the posttest. In relation to the number of hits in the experiment group, the mean went from 26, 7% to 60% of patients who had treatment adherence. In the pharmacotherapeutic knowledge test, considering the experiment group, the pharmaceutical orientation was also successful, from 20% to 70% the number of patients with knowledge. This study, in comparison to usual care, supplemented with educational material in paste form on the drug tamoxifen, the delivery of the folder and the pharmaceutical care showed the performance without adherence behavior, increase the pharmacological knowledge and help in the explanation of adverse reactions and latency. of doses. A pharmacist demonstrating a positive effect in breast cancer patients undergoing hormone therapy with the drug tamoxifen.