Avaliação da relação entre o uso de medicamentos controlados e o suicídio entre fumicultores.

Abstract

Suicide is defined as a deliberate act performed by the individual himself, whose intention is death. They are also part of what we usually call suicidal behavior: thoughts, plans and attempted suicide. In the national scenario, Rio Grande do Sul appears with high rates, both of suicides, and in cases of attempts against life itself. In highlight, the municipalities of Vale do Rio Pardo, cities, where there is a prevalence of a population of German descent and employees of the rural area, with tobacco plantation being their main source of income. The research aimed to relate the use of controlled drugs, German ancestry with the frequency of suicide in tobacco growers in municipalities with German colonization in the Vale do Rio Pardo. This work is the characterization of the evaluation of the relationship between the use of controlled drugs and suicide among tobacco growers. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study with the application of a questionnaire, in a drugstore, in the interior of the city of Santa Cruz do Sul, in September 2020, built specifically to estimate the use of controlled drugs and suicide rates. The epidemiological profile of the latter comprises the male gender, with an average age of 46 years, incomplete elementary school, married, from 16 different locations in the interior of 2 municipalities in the Vale do Rio Pardo. Of the survey participants, 93.3% considered themselves of German descent. It was found that 43.3% work only with the spouse in tobacco growing activities, and the average activity time in tobacco planting is 33 years. As for the application of pesticides in tobacco crops, 70% of respondents do and 81% use PPE in this application, where 93.3% owns the land where they grow tobacco. In relation to Folha Verde do Tabaco disease in the last harvest, 56.6% of the families did not suffer from it. At least one family member of half of the interviewees uses controlled drugs, and 46.6% claim that a family member suffers from depression. And 83.3% of respondents know a tobacco grower who committed suicide. 64 cases were cited in 19 communities. São Martinho is the most cited community, with 10 cases remembered. When asked about tobacco growers who were affected by the disease, 76% say they have more knowledge about more than one. Regarding suicide attempts, 63.33% of respondents know a tobacco grower who has tried to take his own life. And 40% have already had cases of attempted or suicide in the family. With these results it can be seen that the population is predominantly Germanic, and that there is considerable use of drugs controlled by this population. This makes it possible to understand that there is a relationship between the daily and social activities of these tobacco growers and the rate of suicides in these communities.