Arranjo produtivo local apicultura : planejamento e implementação na cadeia produtiva do Vale do Jaguari/RS - Brasil

Abstract

The present doctoral thesis, carried out at the Graduate Program in Regional Development, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (PPGDR/UNISC) presents an analysis of the reflexes of the planning and implementation of the Local Apiculture Productive Arrangement, in the perception of its actors, in relation to the apicultural productive chain in the Jaguari Valley - RS. In this direction, the objective was to find out how the actions of the Agreement 014/2015 APL/DPI/AGDI (From April 1st, 2016 to September 23rd, 2017) were perceived in the offer of trainings, courses, lectures and training; besides the repercussions after the agreement. When analyzing the social relations of the beekeeping productive chain in Vale do Jaguari - RS, instigated the following research problem: what are the repercussions of the planning and implementation of LPA apiculture VJ - RS on the beekeeping productive chain that was already constituted before the year 2016? The theoretical basis was developed in four sections: the territorial development, the actor-oriented perspective, the relational approach/capital and the local productive arrangements. It was adopted as theoretical guide, the Actor Oriented Perspective (AOP), to understand the responses of the actors involved in the process and interfaces. For this study, the methodology was based on three surweys researches regarding the apiculture chain in the territory and two researches of the thesis, being these researches participants, bibliographic and descriptive: a documentary with the minutes of presence of the actions / meetings of LPA, which totaled 434 actions / events / meetings being this research of qualitative and quantitative approach, and another with the actors selected. The latter was used in a qualitative approach, with interviews with thirty-one selected actors who were present before LPA and during the agreement, through the analysis of content and lexicon. Based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions adopted, the main results of the research observed were: the invisibility of the beekeeping chain and, in relation to the proposal of informational actions and the importance of external promotion for the beekeeping activity, the results were positive and the objective of external promotion was met quantitatively. Success was achieved with regard to the State Law and Decree that govern LPA State Policy: the framework and recognition of LPA. However, as it is a new LPA with little experience and late access to public policies, it should deepen other opportunities such as qualifications and new projects. In the centrality of the guiding perspective of AOP, it was perceived that the actors presented different responses, observing the question of agency in the social arenas, and that the planned intervention of LPA promoted, did not have a homogeneous effect, qualitatively. Therefore, the theory of Reis (2005, 2015) was also verified and proved in relation to polyphormism or asymmetries in the territory studied. A continum of strong ties, weak ties of Granovetter (1973) and indifferent ties was observed. The most frequent ones were the strong, contact-intensive ties that generated greater confidence in the actors. The weak ties occurred, but predominantly for dissemination of information by LPA, governance and spectators. Therefore, different perceptions of LPA by the actors were identified, ranging from total acceptance, partial acceptance, denial and indifference. In addition, LPA's fragility was verified by the growing threat of bee deaths and damage to beekeepers' heritage.