Sondagem nasoenteral e segurança do paciente : relação entre incidentes e dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e clínicos de pacientes em hospital do Rio Grande do Sul - um estudo baseado em protocolo multicêntrico.

Abstract

Introduction: Patient safety and the quality of health services developed in hospital institutions must be closely correlated because currently, the number of implications related to errors or adverse health events has been increasing and causing damage to people and to the institutions themselves. In this context, identifying the profile of patients, the level of care they require while being hospitalized and the security of care in the hospital environment are data that allow to improve care strategies and provide the culture of safety. Objective: To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic, demographic and clinical data of patients using a nasoenteral probe and the occurrence of incidents, from the perspective of safety in patient care. Article 1: Association of the complexity of nursing care and profile of clinical patients hospitalized using a nasoenteral probe, according to the Patient Classification System proposed by Fugulin. Objective: To analyze the association of the complexity of nursing care, based on the Fugulin Scale and the profile of clinical patients hospitalized using a nasoenteral probe. Method: A cross-sectional, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data, from a multicenter study database. The sample included 31 patients admitted to the medical clinic of a general hospital in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, using a nasoenteral probe (SNE). Results: Most patients are male, white, educated, married, aged over 60 years, hospitalized due to clinical pathologies, followed by complications from gastroenterology and neurology. Regarding the care profile, most require highly dependent care, according to the Patient Classification System (SCP) adopted by Fugulin, and the decrease in the level of consciousness resulted in the main indication for the use of complementary feeding in the evaluated patients. Conclusion: The indication of SNE in the hospital environment highlights the complexity of health care, as its need raises the score listed by the SCP proposed by Fugulin, with variation between high dependency and semi intensive care demand. The condition for the use of SNE in this study, in agreement with others, was significant (p = 0.04) in hospitalized, elderly patients, with decreased level of consciousness, which can hinder nutrition in the traditional way. Article 2: Incidents associated with the use of a nasoenteral probe in hospitalized patients and the relationship with patient safety. Objective: to investigate incidents related to the use of nasoenteral probe (SNE) in hospitalized patients and the relationship with patient safety. Method: A cross-sectional, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data, from a multicenter study database. The sample included 15 patients admitted to the medical clinic of a general hospital, in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, using SNE. Results: predominance of male incidents, aged over 60 years, hospitalized by general medical specialty, who did not use SNE on admission. The incidents occurred in alert patients, without the use of respiratory devices. The predominant SNE position confirmation technique was epigastric auscultation. SNE obstruction and unplanned looting were the most repeated incidents, causing slight damage to the participants. Conclusion: the most patients had incidents in the proportion of 1 to 5 and two patients had more than 10 incidents, occurring in alert and unconscious patients. Studies of this type are important to stimulate research aimed at describing adverse events with SNE, mainly related to the consequences for patients and health care. Final considerations: the analyzes made it possible to characterize the socioeconomic, demographic and clinical profile of patients hospitalized using SNE, demonstrating that the most of patients are male, aged over 60 years, white, married and have completed high school. The medical specialty that prevailed as a reason for hospitalization was the medical clinic. From the Fugulin Scale, it was observed that the care profile presented by the participants required semi-intensive and highly dependent care, evidencing the need for tools to assist in the organization of care. There were evaluated data about the introduction and incidents related to SNE during hospitalization, with the technique of epigastric auscultation prevailing as confirmatory and mechanical incidents as prevalent. It is believed that the results found demonstrate importance and have shown that more variables and associations need to be discussed. The issue of health-related safety permeates all areas of care, and, therefore, the importance of continuing studies in this context stands out.