Política pública de Seguridade Social para cuidadores : o auxílio doença parental no Regime Geral da Previdência Social sob uma perspectiva de gênero e da ética do cuidado.

Abstract

The thesis has as its theme the public policies in the area of Social Security aimed at caregivers, delimiting the approach of the need, legal possibility and form of regulation of the parental sickness benefit in the general regime, understood as a right of the worker that provides for the authorization for paid leave from work to care for a family member with a serious illness that requires permanent monitoring. The thesis project addresses themes related to studies carried out by PPGD, namely, human rights, diversity and public policies, as well as the research approach of postdoctoral researcher Marli Marlene Moraes da Costa, in the field of gender studies. The objective is to analyze which guidelines must be observed in the creation and regulation of this benefit, capable of changing the social reality, guaranteeing the effectiveness of the principle of equality between men and women, female emancipation and the dignity of the human person. The proposed problem is whether the creation of the parental sickness benefit in the general Social Security regime is imperative in view of the fact that the social risk that involves not being protected by the social security system, although it has legal support for that? And, if so, if the application of gender guidelines in the creation and regulation of the parental sickness benefit in the general Social Security regime is capable of changing the social reality marked by the vestiges of the patriarchal culture, female mystique, sexual contract the sexual division of work and the ethics of care as a female duty? To achieve the goal, and respond to the problem, analyze the trajectory of gender inequality and its importance for the protection of integral human development. The study outlines considerations about the importance of Social Security for the common good, for social justice and to guarantee the effectiveness of the objectives and foundations of the Democratic Rule of Law, highlighting the merit of public policies in this area and its budgetary restrictions. In particular, the parental sickness benefit benefit, its legal basis, is analyzed, even in the absence of a specific provision for its grant, the way it is granted in the Social Security system itself, as well as the judicial decisions that analyze issues involving this social risk. The research also identifies the close relationship between the female gender, the use of time and the ethics of care. The analysis also focuses on the influence of the condition of agent of women for their social emancipation and human development, as well as on the importance of decent work and shared responsibility for care, in order to achieve these ends. Subsequently, the bill for the creation of parental sickness aid is presented, with which it is understood that it is possible to change the current social reality and guarantee the dignity of the human person. The method of approach used is the deductive, the method of procedure, the analytical, and the research technique was the indirect documentary. Finally, it is concluded that the social risk object of analysis must be legally protected by Social Security through the creation of parental illness aid as a public gender policy, which takes into account the peculiar condition of women. As well, it is understood that if the benefit is created by observing the proposed project, it is able to change the social reality, guaranteeing the dignity of the human person, the social emancipation of women and making the ethics of care a human ethics.