Dinâmicas sócio-econômicas de desenvolvimento dos territórios rurais : os sistemas produtivos localizados (SPLs) da Região Vale do Rio Pardo - RS.

Abstract

This study it initiates from the consequences of the capitalist productive reorganization on the local dynamic of development of the rural territories and the attempt to identify the complexity of the answers in territorial level. The justification this work is based in the necessity of a deepening of the debate on the new explicatives theoretical approach of genesis and functioning of the current dynamic of development of these territories. The main objective of the study consists of analyzing the socio-economic dynamic of development of the rural territories of the Rio Grande do Sul using the approach theoretician-methodological of the Located or Local Productive Systems (SPLs), but modified for rural territories. The adjustments in this approach allow to the identification of the structural realities and the historical processes of formation and reproduction of the rural territories through of the use of variable related with the formal markets of work and the agricultural production of the cities. This allowed to identify the productive agglomerations, that conform what is called “Rural SPLs”. Throug this analytical adjustment, it is intended to understand the mechanisms of joint of the socio-economic dynamic of development of the rural territories with its rural located productive systems (SPLs). The used methodology consisted of the accomplishment of an empirical analysis applied to the “gaúcha” region of the Valley of Rio Pardo (VRP) and the use of the factorial analysis and the calculation of the "localization quotients" (QL) for the elaboration of the tipologia of the SPLs. As result of the application of the approach theoretician-methodological of the SPLs it was possible to identify to four Rural SPLs, described as districts: “agropastoril”, “agrícola”, “agroindustrial” and “agroindustrial and of services”. Utility of the approach was evidenced it proposal, therefore it was verified that region VRP is constituted by diversified and complex rural territories, that they are formed and reproduced through diverse types of SPLs, in the form of rural, industrial, agri-industrial, agri-pastoral, agricultural and of services districts, resultant of the effect of the global regulation and the local governance of the territories. The territorial perspective of the rural development and the approach of the SPLs had represented starting points to arrive themselves at the “Rural SPL” notion and study of the dynamic of development of the rural territories.