Sistema inteligente para a geração de plano de cuidado personalizado ao idoso.

Abstract

Information technology has been impacting the way we live, communicate, reinvent, aggregate knowledge and connect with other people. The population, in general, is aging and, in this sense, information technology can be an ally to assist in the care and care of the elderly, becoming increasingly specialized and sophisticated. In this context, this work aims to develop an intelligent system to assist in the generation of a personalized care plan for the elderly in a geriatric clinic, using the techniques of Specialist Systems and Integrated Case-Based Reasoning. Specialist Systems (SE) are intelligent decision support systems, based on the knowledge acquired from human specialists. Case Based Reasoning (RBC) is a method used for problem solving, whose previous experience is used for future solution. The research methodology was based on a quantitative and qualitative bibliometric review. In quantitative bibliometrics, searches were carried out for articles related to the domain, from the Portal of CAPES journals, in the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Pubmed and Google Scholar bases. In qualitative bibliometrics, syntheses of related works were carried out, listing aspects of the systems developed in the area of care for the elderly. The methodological procedures defined for this work were: (1) definition of the theme, being aligned with the actions of knowledge acquisition (data collection with human specialist), search and study of related works and the theoretical foundation on the research theme; (2) modeling and development of the proposed intelligent system; (3) analysis of results and discussion; (4) dissemination of results, with the writing of scientific articles. The system was developed in the PHP programming language (Hypertext Preprocessor). With the help of a human specialist, a nurse, with a specialization in gerontology and owner of a geriatric clinic, the definition of the modeling of rules and cases for generating the personalized care plan for the elderly was carried out. A survey on the profile of institutionalized elderly people, in Brazil and abroad, involving 20 articles, was also carried out, in which research was carried out for studies that presented demographic, social and economic characteristics, with the aim of identifying the profile of the elderly who reside in long-term institutions, using an observational study on related work. In the developed intelligent computer system, called Si-ILPI, the elderly person who arrives at the geriatric clinic completes the admission form, with the demographic, social and economic characteristics that will be used during its institutionalization. The data storage was structured so that it can be used in different situations, such as generating alerts according to the vital signs of the elderly, making reports available for monthly conference or for the entire institutionalized period, nursing developments, diseases previously described in the admission of the resident in the clinic and the indication of a care plan, in order to assist professionals in the care recommended for each elderly person, based on the reasoning process of the SE and the RBC system. The SE receives the elderly person's data, which is then sent to the RBC, which seeks care plans similar to the characteristics of the elderly person in question. What is expected is to qualify the care process for the elderly and the activities of professional caregivers, over the time of using the intelligent computer system in the clinic.