As políticas públicas para o enfrentamento do trabalho Infantil nas cadeias produtivas da agricultura familiar.

Abstract

The theme of this dissertation is child labor in family farming producing chains. The delimitation of the theme consists of public policies for prevention and eradication of child labor in family farming producing chains. The general objective is to investigate the public policies for prevention and eradication of child labor in family farming producing chains. The specific objectives are to contextualize child labor in family farming producing chains in Brazil, to approach the legal protection against the child labor exploitation in family farming producing chains and to describe the necessary actions and strategies for the municipal public policies for prevention and eradication of child labor in family farming producing chains. This research’s problem investigates the following question: which are the actions and strategies regarding public policies that are necessary in order to face child labor in family farming producing chains? The approach method used is the deductive method and the procedural method is the monographic, with bibliographic and documentary research techniques. The hypothesis is so that in order to overcome the fragility of public policies destined to face child labor in family farming producing chains, it is necessary to happen an expansion of actions involving family sensitization, community mobilization and training of professionals in the service network, with the establishment of municipal flows of notification and referral of situations of child labor in family farming producing chains, according with the duties of the professionals of education, health and social assistance service network and with the guarantee system agencies. The main results are: child labor is a serious phenomenon which affects a significant portion of children and teenagers in Brazil. Poverty presents itself as a determinant main cause of child labor, however not the only one, since there are other causes of child labor that arise from it. As for the consequences of child labor exploitation, these are nefarious, reaching several segments related to the peculiar condition of individuals undergoing a development process. Brazil has an extensive legislation regarding the protection of children and teenagers from child labor exploitation, especially as a result of the ratification of the United Nations International Convention on the Rights of the Child and of the Conventions nº 138 and nº 182 of the International Labor Organization, which allied with the Federal Constitution, the Child and Adolescent Statue and the Consolidation of Labor Laws form a protection system against child labor exploitation. Finally, the persistence of high child labor indicators is not due to insufficient protective legislation, but rather to the fragmentation of public policies. In this context, the formulation of municipal reporting and referral flows of child labor in family farming production chains plays a strategic role, as it not only organizes the procedure performed with children, teenagers and families in child labor situations, but also organizes referrals in accordance with the assignments of the service networks and guarantee system agencies.