Orientação farmacoterapêutica de pacientes que apresentam doenças crônicas não transmissíveis : diabetes mellitus e doenças cardiovasculares.

Abstract

Pharmacy is an ancient profession and throughout its trajectory through crises and historical situations, crossing different coastal, economic and social landscapes. Recently, they were regulated as medical specialties, where the gain for the space to have offices can make medical consultations exercising anamnesis, outline care plans, in order to improve the quality of health and life of their patients. There are several protocols that can be explored by the professional in the exercise of his profession and that will guide the clinic of his practice. Among them is SOAP, a methodology widely used in the clinical evolution of the patient that uses the patient's subjective and objective data, case evaluation and definition of a care plan. Among the public adherence to the clinical practice of the pharmacist in the population, as this is always presents an appearance and coexisting chronic problems and living conditions, due to social, economic or cognitive factors. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to promote pharmacotherapeutic guidance in patients with non-communicable chronic diseases - diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases - who have difficulty in adhering to treatment. The study design was cross-sectional, prospective and interventional. Pharmacotherapeutic guidance and care planning were conducted using the SOAP methodology. To assess the impact of pharmacotherapeutic guidance, some physiological tests were selected, such as checking blood pressure and blood glucose. Ten patients were selected, seven women and three men, aged between 67 and 85 years, all of whom have a diagnosis of arterial hypertension, four of diabetes and six of hypercholesterolemia. In addition, nine patients had other associated pathologies such as hyperthyroidism, depression and/or obesity. According to the data collected and reference values for BMI made available by the WHO, only one patient had a normal value (BMI 24.44); five overweight patients (BMI 26.56 to 29.4), and three obese patients (BMI 30.1 to 31.75). All patients showed some difficulty in adhering to drug treatment and/or had altered blood pressure and capillary glucose values. After evaluating the data, a care plan was drawn up. This care plan consisted of interventions such as referral to a nutritionist, doctor, psychologist and/or physical therapist, preparation of informative material, re-education and consequent change in the time of administration of some medications, due to the occurrence of drug interactions, request for blood glucose and blood pressure monitoring. blood pressure, introduction of over-the-counter drugs and physical activity. It is expected with clinical practice, that patients have significant improvements in their complaints after following the care plan and guidelines, and that they can become aware of the importance of adherence to treatment, and how it can positively impact their lives, providing their well-being, better effectiveness of their medications and normal biochemical parameters.