Eficácia do plasma rico em plaquetas injetável e seus efeitos no rejuvenescimento facial : revisão integrativa de literatura.

Abstract

The search for well-being and better self-esteem has been growing, especially among women, to reduce the effects of aging through procedures and cosmetics. With so many alternatives there is no lack of doubts about what is really effective and brings the best benefit. Among the resources available for the treatment of aging is the autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a technique that has been increasingly used for its tissue regeneration with growth factors that promote migration, proliferation, cell differentiation, as well as reducing the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The present study aims to identify the effectiveness of autologous injectable platelet-rich plasma through an integrative literature review. The search for articles occurred in May 2022. The search included studies from the last 5 years and used the descriptors: ''facial rejuvenation and platelet-rich plasma'' in Portuguese and English. The searches were carried out on the PubMed, Scielo and Google Academic platforms. Of the 17,669 articles found, 6 were selected that addressed the use of PRP in the treatment of facial rejuvenation and met the inclusion criteria of being original articles, clinical trial or pilot study type, in Portuguese or English. They were within the established publication period and did not associate PRP with other aesthetic procedures in the study. As exclusion criteria, review articles, analysis articles, and articles that did not present relevant data for the analysis of the guiding question were rejected. Through the review, it was evidenced that platelet-rich plasma is effective and brings good results in the treatment of facial rejuvenation. It is capable of stimulating the production of collagen and elastin fibers, as well as increasing the thickness of existing fibers. It improves the structure, texture and appearance of the skin in the first weeks of treatment, as well as reducing fine wrinkles and evening out skin pigmentation from the first month. Only one study reported dilated pores and skin without smooth appearance as late advserse effect. Although the articles bring good results in different types of samples and methods, there is a lack of studies for the standardization of PRP processing, so that it can explore the variables of the commonly used methods and analyze which techniques can benefit more.