Neoliberalismo : uma breve investigação sobre a sua importância para a economia global, desde os anos 1940 até os dias atuais.

Abstract

Neoliberalism is characterized as a movement to establish pro-market ideas as hegemonic to the detriment of state social issues and policies, having taken its first steps after 1940. By analyzing the historical and economic context from this period on, it was possible to formulate the research problem, whose objective was to understand the origins of neoliberalism from 1940 on, and how this movement spread throughout the world until its peak in the 1980s. Thus, the theoretical reference was confronted with data from the period between 1960 and 2020 in order to identify the impacts of neoliberalism on the global economy. As a theoretical base, both national and international authors were used who approach this process of the hegemony of neoliberalism and some policies adopted by the governments that present characteristics of this movement. The data, for the most part, were collected from the World Bank's virtual web pages. The methodology used was exploratory historical and with quantitative instruments, promoting a historical investigation with numerical data. From the analysis of the period studied, it was possible, with some reservations, to verify the distinct impacts that neoliberalism has caused in the countries, where some of the variables studied of this movement have shown to have caused positive effects and in others not so much.