Avaliação da interferência da COVID-19 na saúde de indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2 e proposta de aplicativo para o autocuidado.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder whose management is somewhat complex, and building skills for self-care is essential. With the covid-19 pandemic, the digital insertion was necessary in many sectors at an unprecedented speed, with adaptation and innovation being essential elements in the intensification of health care in chronic diseases, such as diabetes. Overall objective: To understand the interference of covid-19 in the health of diabetic individuals and to propose an application for the self-care of these individuals. Objective Article 1: To describe the prevalence of coronavirus infections in type 2 diabetic individuals in the Vales region, in Rio Grande do Sul, as well as to investigate the interference of the infection and the pandemic in their health. Methods: Cross-sectional study with type 2 diabetics treated at public outpatient health services in Vale do Taquari and Rio Pardo. The information was stored in a database, and the statistical analysis was performed using the JASP program, version 0.16.4.0. Results: 174 individuals participated in the study; 33.3% of the sample was infected by the coronavirus, 7.5% were hospitalized and of these, 76.9% needed mechanical ventilation support; 58.6% reported sequelae after the infection and 31.1% indicated that the infection specifically interfered with diabetes; 47% felt they had been emotionally affected by the pandemic. Final considerations: The findings reinforce the importance and need for multidisciplinary, humanized and attentive care to recognize and deal with health-related aspects that can be assumed in a post-pandemic scenario. Objective Article 2: To describe the elaboration, development and validation process of an application with a conversational agent to assist in the self-care of people with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: The Design Science Research methodology was used, from the engineering area and recently used in the health area for the development of innovations. The method foresees twelve steps, for which action strategies were adopted that guided the development of the application. Results: Development and validation of an application, titled Care with Diabetes, using chatbot Dóris, which interacts with users through text and audio on the topics of food, food labels, physical activity and diabetic foot. Final considerations: The application may benefit individuals affected by the pathology to live autonomously with basic aspects related to this health condition, as well as to make decisions based on reliable information. Final considerations of the dissertation: Knowing the information about the interference of covid 19 in the health of diabetic individuals is essential to pay attention to health services and professionals so that they can recognize and deal with the health aspects that can be assumed in a post-pandemic scenario. It is expected that the developed application can contribute to the maintenance and promotion of health and self-care of diabetic individuals.