Territórios luminosos e opacos : o imageamento de alta resolução espacial por satélite e a utilização das geotecnologias como ferramentas de análise territorial no Rio Grande do Sul.

Abstract

This research seeks, through the use of Geotechnology, to analyze the heterogeneous distribution of satellite images of high spatial resolution provided by Google Earth Software in Rio Grande do Sul. Based in the methodology proposed by Milton Santos, with emphasis on the categories bright territories and opaque territories, our main objective was to identify the bright and opaque territories in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, considering the density of satellite imagery related to the uses of those territories. Specifically, considering the technological advances seen in the globalized world in recent decades, we attempt to find an understanding of the new geo mapping technology and its dynamic development by analyzing the federal and state laws which govern the cartographic actions. We observe that the mapping is analog, since the post World War II, through a process of technological development and subsequent computerization, appropriating resources and tools generated and integrating the Geographic Information System (GIS). We understand that the legislation regarding cartography, both in Brazil and in Rio Grande do Sul, is a non-satisfactorily regulated activity, restricting advances in integrated and systematic mapping of their territories, undermining the activities of planning, management and organization of the same. However, initiatives such as the Infraestruturas Nacional e Estadual de Dados Espaciais (National and State Infrastructure and Spatial Data), have been newly regulated and implemented, which aims towards organizing and updating the context of geo, map data for their respective areas of coverage. We have learned that the main bright territories of Rio Grande do Sul, are most likely to attract high-tech, industrial capital and developmental content; these territories and/or regions receive a greater quality of satellite imagery because of the production of energy, the municipalities with higher levels of municipal development (IFDM and IDEs) and with a higher value added (GVA) of industry, the geo-strategic areas of frontier and boundary and the adjacent areas of convergence of major highways which are located in ports, airports and railway system. The areas of the highest density imaging identified in this investigation were the Metropolitan Region from Porto Alegre to Caxias do Sul, the northern coast, the region of Pelotas (Port of Rio Grande extending to Chui), the borders between Uruguay and Brazil, the western regions and the surrounding plateau. The opaque areas that are not visually clear refer to small municipalities in the northern and central-western state; the municipalities of the Southern Rio Grande Shield which are characterized by the predominance of extensive agricultural activity and some areas of the fields around the hills.