Educação e(m) saúde para mulheres negras : tensionamentos a partir da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra.

Abstract

This work investigates and tensionates health education linked to black women, based on the concept of intersectionality, proposed by Kimberlé Crenshaw. Through it, the intersection of social markers that involve these women stands out, taking into account the violence to which many are subjected, more precisely, here, related to the right to access health and quality education. Furthermore, it deals with what can be recognized as the invisibility of the potential and lives of these women, in different spheres of society. It is research focused on documentary analysis, carried out through data collection and documents made available by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the Ministry of Health. In particular, it analyzes versions of the National Policy for Comprehensive Health of the Black Population (2010, 2013 and 2017), available on the Ministry of Health website. It is noted that the guidelines regarding the care of the black population are approached from the perspective of the disease and not by promoting health or increasing quality of life. Thus, there is a lack of data in the first editions of the document, as black women are placed on the same level of difficulty as black men, even though there are differences within the racial group itself, that is, they suffer triple discrimination. In the latest edition of the policy there is more data on the health of these women, but it is noted that there is no care for their health. Furthermore, the markers that intersect race, class and gender are those that limit access to quality health and education. Therefore, firstly, I explain the concepts of institutional/structural racism, using data to point out that, based on these concepts, together with intersectionality, they separate and make black women invisible in educational and health spaces. Secondly, I present the implementation and struggles to achieve the organization of the National Policy for Comprehensive Health of the Black Population, as well as its editions. In the third moment, I discuss how black women are seen in politics, in addition to addressing how these women's health should be studied, so that it is possible to promote equity and guarantee equal access to health services. I highlight the importance of considering the specificities and demands of black women, taking into account factors such as racism, machismo, and social inequalities. Furthermore, I highlight the need for an intersectional approach that recognizes the multiple oppressions experienced by them, in addition to the fact that health education is one of the important elements in combating social inequalities and vulnerabilities. However, it is necessary to invest in educational actions in health, as it goes beyond institutions, as it permeates their daily lives. Health professionals, as well as institutions, must promote debates and research, so that we can soon notice the difference in health and education indicators.