Estado novo : barganha comercial e nacionalização dos "súditos do eixo".

Abstract

This work addresses the New State in Brazil regarding the cultural assimilation process of the "Axis subjects" and the commercial bargaining policy with Germany and the USA. The difficulties present in World War II led Getúlio Vargas, then ruler of Brazil, to take nationalist measures to ensure the state's independence, which directly interfered with the daily lives of these Axis descendants. The focus of this thesis is the nationalization of this group, explaining the legal instruments (decrees-laws) as a means of persecution and promotion of Brazilian cultural unity. In terms of commercial policy, Vargas skillfully uses pragmatic equidistance to address internal and external interests without leaving one side out, understanding the complexity and demands of both parties. The establishment of concentration camps in the country serves as a means of social isolation, and the work also explores the justification and conditions of the camps against the "Axis subjects." The methodology adopts positivism, referencing primary and secondary sources, through an impartial explanation of the events to better understand the New State. The conclusions of this work emphasize the events of that time as a pretext to act and ensure the national unity that Getúlio Vargas aimed for in the New State. Similarly, it examines assimilation and persecution policies against Axis descendants and the pragmatic mastery in the economic sphere to achieve goals and alliances. Thus, the research studies an essential period in Brazilian history and its consequences.