Potências e desafios da formação profissional para a Promoção da Saúde em Programas de Residência Multiprofissionais.

Abstract

Background: Professional training is officially present in public health policies as a necessary condition to enhance and operationalize Health Promotion in health care networks. The possible invisibility of the theme of Health Promotion (SP) in the documents that regulate and standardize Multidisciplinary Residency Programs in Health may contrast with the richness of the daily experience of different actors in the implementation of theoretical and practical actions in SP in Multidisciplinary Residency Programs (PRMS). Objective: To analyze the theme of the presence of Health Promotion and its conceptual and methodological perspectives in the legal frameworks of PRMS. Abstract Article 1: The training of health professionals guided by the theoretical-conceptual framework of health promotion (HP) is present in the propositions of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), constituting the 2030 agenda, in the official documents of the World Organization of Health and Pan American Health Organization and in the public policies of several countries of the world, signatories of these documents, among them Brazil and Argentina. The Multiprofessional Residencies, in both countries, result from important public policies for professional training in health, and can contribute to the development of PS in their territories. The objective of this study is to analyze the presence of the theme of Health Promotion, its conceptual and methodological perspectives, in the legal frameworks of PRMS in Brazil and Argentina. This is a documentary research of a qualitative nature, and the findings were interpreted from a thematic content analysis. As a result, three thematic categories stand out: presence of PS in the legal frameworks of Multiprofessional Residencies in Health, conceptually oriented in PRMS and respect for loco-regional realities. Despite the challenges due to the uniqueness of each country's historical process, the elements under analysis and highlighted when contrasted show differences between countries with regard to the presence of PS, as well as the absence of explicitness of the theoretical approach referring to the concept. The proposed centrality in Argentine legislation contrasts with the principle of decentralization expressed in Brazilian legislation. Abstract Article 2: The Decentralized Multiprofessional Residency Programs (PRMD) constitute a relevant strategy for strengthening regionalization and health care networks throughout the national territory. The process of decentralization of professional training in health, developed by these programs, reveals the same issues and challenges experienced by the decentralization of health actions, as they are part of the same process. To overcome one of these challenges, which is the fragmentation and disintegration between the constituent elements of this training, we present the importance of aligning concepts from different areas of knowledge, especially health and education, as well as between different plans: the jurisdictional, the political-planning. pedagogy, the unique training path of each subject and the organization of health services and teaching institutions. This is a theoretical-critical-reflective essay, which aims to analyze the conceptual alignment as a key element for the sustainability of the existence of Decentralized Residencies in Health, in a propositional perspective. In the end, it is considered that alignment does not mean submitting the PRMD to a fixed and hierarchically vertical order, but rather ordering the elements and recognizing them in a dynamic system of relationships. Final considerations: The unpublished study presents results that point to a partial invisibility of Health Promotion in the legal frameworks of Brazil and Argentina, without the explicit manifestation of the conception that guides or defines it. It was possible to develop the concept of conceptual alignment as an important category of analysis and action in order to guide and build professional training in health that respects local and regional realities and has Health Promotion as its cross-cutting axis. There is a need for new studies that investigate the links between historical contexts and the formulation of legal frameworks, as well as the relationship between the invisibility of PA in official texts and the actions that consolidate professional training and Health Promotion in Health Programs. Multiprofessional Residence.