Avaliação de Wetlands construídos no tratamento terciário de esgoto doméstico em residência unifamiliar.

Abstract

This thesis lists constructive and operational aspects for the design of a hybrid system (grease traps/grating, anaerobic reactor/filter and Constructed Wetlands – vertical, horizontal and floating) for domestic sewage treatment, detailing the steps of sizing, installation, start-up and monitoring environmental performance. The CW system operated in a decentralized manner serving a single-family urban residence (06 people, high generation standard). The research innovations bring the different configurations that the combination of already standardized projects established. The work resulted in three chapters of the thesis that will be published in the format of technical scientific articles (I: literature review; II: operational layout, water footprint and environmental performance assessment and III: sizing, installation, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) ) and carbon footprint). In this way, the work highlights the main environmental impacts associated with the implementation of CWs in single-family residential units, as well as defining the matrices (energy and raw materials) impacted when this ecotechnology is used. The water footprint values of the raw effluent in relation to the treated effluent reduced by approximately 90%. The maximum removal efficiencies presented were: total phosphorus 91%, COD 85%, ammonia nitrogen 71%, turbidity 91%, salinity 75% and conductivity 77 %. The CWs have good removal efficiency, meeting the limits established by local legislation, with regard to concentration or removal efficiency for the flow range presented. The installation and operation costs were, respectively, US$160 per m2 and US$3 per month for the period. The reduction in genotoxicity was obtained in the treaty, enabling reuse.