A formulação e implementação das políticas públicas migratórias de acolhimento e integração no município de Venâncio Aires - RS.

Abstract

Brazil has a migration law considered by many migration experts to be one of the most advanced in Latin America, especially considering issues such as the humanitarian reception of immigrants and the protection of their human rights. However, federal migration law has little or no coordination with Brazilian counties, and one way for federal law to be better implemented and articulated in practice is for it to be reinforced through municipal policies to support immigrants. There are few Brazilian counties that have migration policies in their legislation, in total, in Rio Grande do Sul, today there are four counties, Porto Alegre, Esteio, Caxias do Sul, and Venâncio Aires. Considering that municipal migration policies are important for the articulation of municipal legislation with federal legislation, regarding the rights and duties of immigrants, it is also important that municipal policies are implemented in such a way that they have a practical and positive impact on the reception and integration of these immigrants. This research aims to analyze the processes of formulation and implementation of the municipal migration policy in the municipality of Venâncio Aires, to seek to understand the particularities and challenges of formulating and implementing a municipal migration policy of reception and integration. The objective is that, based on this case study of the county of Venâncio Aires, other cities and municipalities in the region can have a better understanding of the challenges and particularities of formulating and implementing a municipal migration policy. Another objective of this project is that the reader can have knowledge about migration laws in different areas that protect immigrants, as well as refugees and stateless people in Brazil, so than they can gain an understanding that these people have rights and duties, and thus, contribute to the reduction of discrimination, xenobia, and other types of violence that this group may suffer. The theoretical analysis was carried out based on Haesbaert's concept of multiterritoriality and its relationship with development. The bibliographic analysis also presented the main elements of the processes of formulating and implementing public policies, explaining their importance and connection with the territory. The methodology was based on a qualitative approach and two data collection techniques, the first, semi-structured interviews with three groups participating in the research, four formulating agents and four implementing agents of the Venâncio Aires migration policy, and three immigrants residing in the municipality, and the second, a documentary and bibliographical research on the topic. The approach method used for the research was phenomenology, this method considers human existence as a phenomenon of interpretation. The technique for analyzing the project results was based on a discourse analysis, based on the interviews carried out, together with the results of the documentary and bibliographic analysis. Some of the most pertinent results of the research are that it is of great importance that federal and municipal migration policies are properly disclosed to civil society, as a way of reducing prejudice against immigrants, and also that they must be disclosed to immigrants. It is extremely important to be a dialogue and interaction between municipal departments, so that the policy is well implemented, and the municipality must hire and train qualified professionals to provide adequate assistance to immigrants.