Estratégias de prevenção da osteorradionecrose (ORN) em paciente submetiodos a exodontias.

Abstract

Cancer is the main public health problem in the world, being one of the main causes of death and, as a consequence, one of the main barriers to increasing life expectancy worldwide. In most countries, it corresponds to the first or second cause of premature death, before the age of 70 (Instituto Nacional do Câncer, 2022). Radiotherapy is a treatment widely used to treat tumors, but in the head and neck region it can cause severe late damage, including osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in which the bone suffers bone hypoxia, resulting in necrosis. ORN is classically defined as exposed bone through an opening in the overlying skin or mucosa, persisting as a non-healing wound for three months or more. In view of the severity of this pathology, the purpose of this study was to study, through a literature review, ORN prevention protocols, among these measures were researched on dental assessment before radiotherapy treatment (RTX), antibiotic prophylaxis, use of prophylactic pentoxifylline and tocopherol and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. All prevention strategies highlighted in this study are considerably effective; however, they still need more research and mainly a standardization of clinical protocols, informing the study data in a more elaborate way.