Análise do alumínio oriundo de reciclagem pós consumo e soldado a laser : contribuições para geração de valor.

Abstract

Starting from a general objective that aims to contribute to a higher value-added generation about the recycled aluminum, actions were performed such as: fusion of the metal recycled by the process of foundry to the silicon carbide crucible; fusion analysis by optical spectrometry; refusion by electric arc and accelerated solidification; laser welding with continuous impulse; electrical resistance analysis of the welded sets and comparison of results with commercial aluminum alloys, used for the transmission of electricity. This thesis can be divided into three distinct steps: the first step encompasses a search for bibliographic references around aluminum, important factors that permeate the recycling of this metal and its transformation processes. The second step aims to identify innovations that are emerging from the aluminum recycling processes. Finally, the third step that characterized the experiment itself, from of the part of the aluminum cans recycling to the presentation of the results obtained. The main results achieved were: the bibliographic research that delivered a set of information that shows aluminum recycling as a determining factor for meeting the future demand of this metal. It was noticed that innovations exist, but are linked to developing products, not the recycling process that, in turn, needs to be worked. In the experiment on the casting process, the separation of alloys 3004/3104 ASTM and 5052/5182 ASTM was made and the merger obtained only 27.27% slag. Optical spectrometry revealed little compatibility of the result under analysis with the original league, with the percentages of Si, Fe, Cu, Mg, Cr, Zn and Ti having more than 20% variation on average. Elements such as Cr, Zn and Ti, with a lower conductive capacity than aluminum, were inserted in the merger, probably in function of the paints mixed with the original product. Laser welding did not influence electrical resistance measurements. In addition, total reviews of electrical resistivity of recycled material and laser soldier were at 6.62 x 10-8 Ωm on average.