Outsiders e populismo : a ascensão de Donald Trump e a transformação da política global sob a perspectiva dos atos de fala.

Abstract

The article investigates the rise of political outsiders and the use of populism as a strategy for social mobilization and domination, based on Nicholas Onuf's Speech Act Theory. The research problem addresses how populist discourses influence political perceptions and challenge democratic institutions. The objective is to analyze the performative language of leaders such as Donald Trump and its role in simplifying complex issues and fostering social polarization. Using a qualitative approach, the methodology consists of discourse analysis of speeches and social media posts, along with comparative studies across different political contexts. Populism is presented as an anti-democratic response to contemporary crises, rejecting ideological diversity and reinforcing the "people versus elite" dichotomy. Amplified by social media, this discourse fuels polarization and disinformation. The article concludes that populism threatens democracy by undermining pluralism and excluding public dialogue.