Avaliação do ciclo de vida para processos de oxidação avançada de efluentes : etapas de concepção e operação dos sistemas.

Abstract

The project aims to comparatively evaluate different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for wastewater treatment, analyzing the environmental impacts associated with operational aspects, excluding performance considerations. The research employs the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology using Simapro software (version 9.5) and the IMPACT 2002+ V2.15 method, with data sourced from the Ecoinvent database. The evaluated processes include photolysis, ozonation, and electrochemical oxidation using a Ti/TiO2/RuO2 electrode. Results highlight that materials used in AOPs, such as steel, titanium, rutile, PVC, and UV lamps, significantly contribute to impacts in categories such as global warming, ecotoxicity, acidification, and non-renewable energy consumption. Electrochemical oxidation showed the highest impacts on ionizing radiation and ozone layer depletion due to intensive electricity use and specific materials, such as sodium sulfate. Data normalization revealed that non-renewable energy, respiratory inorganics, and global warming are the most significant categories. The study suggests mitigation measures, including improved energy efficiency, the use of materials with lower environmental footprints, and transitioning to cleaner energy sources. The findings aim to support the selection of more sustainable technologies for wastewater treatment.