Principais lesões musculoesqueléticas em corredores : revisão integrativa das estratégias de tratamento.

Abstract

Although widely beneficial to health, running is associated with a significant risk of musculoskeletal injuries, especially in practitioners who neglect adequate guidelines. This study aims to identify the main injuries in runners and discuss the treatments used, highlighting the importance of an effective therapeutic approach in rehabilitation. This is an integrative literature review, based on studies published between 2019 and 2024, collected in the MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar and Virtual Health Library databases. The inclusion criteria were studies focusing on runners, injury rehabilitation, publications in Portuguese or English and journals with Qualis ≥ B2. The screening and analysis of the articles were performed, first with the help of Rayyan software and later manually. The results revealed that the most prevalent injuries were: Patellar Tendinopathy, Achilles Tendinopathy, Plantar Fasciitis, Iliotibial Band Syndrome, Patellofemoral Syndrome and Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome. The treatments with the highest success rate included eccentric exercises, biomechanical interventions and shock wave therapy. The analysis showed that personalized approaches, combining strengthening, postural re-education and complementary resources, provide more effective results in rehabilitation, promoting greater safety in running. The findings of this review reinforce the importance of adequate treatment, which is fundamental to promote recovery, prevent complications and ensure that the athlete returns to sport safely. In physical therapy practice, the data reveal the need for detailed functional assessments, focusing on the cause of the injury and not just on symptom relief.