A influência religiosa no poder legislativo e seus impactos à laicidade do estado.

Abstract

The present course conclusion work aims to critically analyze the religious influence in the Brazilian Legislative Power and its impacts on the constitutional principle of the secularity of the State, as established by the Federal Constitution of 1988. The research starts from the following problem: To what extent does the actions of parliamentarians driven by religious beliefs, such as the members of the Evangelical Parliamentary Front, compromise state neutrality and the separation between state and religion provided for in the Federal Constitution of 1988? To answer this question, the work historically contextualizes the relationship between State and religion in Brazil, from the colonial period to the Proclamation of the Republic, emphasizing the transition from the confessional model to the secular one, formalized in the 1981 Constitution. From a hypothetical-deductive approach and based on bibliographic, legislative and jurisprudential review, the study investigates how the active presence of religious groups in the legislature interferes in sensitive debates and in the formulation of norms, promoting discourses guided by religious doctrines to the detriment of legal, scientific and pluralistic foundations. Recent examples, such as Bill No. 1904/24, which proposes to equate abortion with the crime of homicide, illustrate how this influence can weaken fundamental rights and threaten individual freedom. In this way, the work seeks to contribute to the understanding of secularism as a constitutional guarantee that requires the State and, especially, the Legislative Branch, impartiality in the face of different beliefs, ensuring inclusive, democratic legislation focused on the public interest.