Diamino fluoreto de prata como abordagem minimamente invasiva ao tratamento da cárie dentária na odontopediatria.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the main clinical indications of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) in pediatric dentistry, presenting its effectiveness in controlling dental caries and how this approach is understood and accepted by parents or guardians, who are essential for adherence to child treatment. It is a literature review conducted through bibliographic searches in the PubMed, SciELO, and CAPES Journal Portal databases, using DeCS descriptors and including publications between 2020 and 2025, in Portuguese and English. The analyzed studies demonstrated that SDF is highly effective in arresting carious lesions in primary teeth due to its antimicrobial and remineralizing action resulting from the combination of silver and fluoride ions. This characteristic allows the control of disease progression in a simple, quick, and painless way, being especially indicated for children with multiple lesions, high caries risk, or cooperation difficulties, in addition to representing a viable alternative in contexts with limited resources. The results indicate consensus regarding the need for standardized clinical protocols to ensure biosafety and effectiveness, although divergences exist regarding the prior removal of carious dentin, prophylaxis before application, ideal product contact time, and frequency of reapplications. In general, biannual reapplications proved more effective in controlling the disease, although some studies recommend earlier evaluations to ensure therapeutic success. The 38% concentration was the most commonly used and associated with better clinical outcomes, providing greater mineral deposition and antibacterial effect. Among the limitations, the irreversible darkening of treated lesions stands out, which may affect aesthetic acceptance and requires informed consent and clear communication between professionals and caregivers. SDF does not completely replace restorative procedures but can be used as an intermediate step. It is concluded that Silver Diamine Fluoride stands out as a safe, effective, and accessible therapeutic agent in pediatric dentistry, promoting a preventive and humanized practice aligned with the principles of Minimally Invasive Dentistry and the promotion of children's oral health.