Lesões periapicais de origem endodôntica em pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

The Diabete Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that affects more than 800 millions of people in the world, with projections of reaching 1,3 billions cases until 2050. DM intensifies the inflammatory processes, bringing forward necrosis and its consequences in the pulp and periradicular tissues. The present study, through a literature review, aimed to investigate the influence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in periapical lesions of endodontic origin. The analysis of these studies demonstrated that diabetic patients have a reduced success rate in endodontic treatment due to difficulty in healing and a larger tendency to develop periapical lesions in previously treated teeth. These inherent systemic modifications to pathology interfere with the prevalence, symptomatology, and healing of these lesions. Several authors highlight that the better the glycemic control, the lower are the risks of adverse complications. However, chronic inflammation induced by periapical lesions and methodological limitations can interfere in the results. Furthermore, diabetic patients will present higher endodontic lesions prevalences, which compromises the monitoring and the endodontic success determination. It is concluded that, although DM interferes with periapical lesions, glycemic control will contribute to the endodontic treatment success. These studies reinforce the importance of individualizing treatment plans for these patients, which may include adjunctive therapies alongside conventional treatment. Although there is no cure, medication therapy and lifestyle changing are essential for good glycemic control, preventing major complications.