Governança e inteligência artificial generativa : desafios e riscos da Shadow AI no ambiente empresarial.

Abstract

The rapid technological evolution has expanded the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), in corporate environments, generating both opportunities and significant governance challenges. This study analyzes how corporate governance can mitigate the risks associated with the misuse of Shadow AI and enhance the benefits of GenAI within organizations. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, the research was based on interviews with executives from three distinct sectors—public, technological, and financial—complemented by a theoretical review of corporate governance, AI, and Shadow IT/AI. The analysis revealed varying levels of digital maturity and governance structuring, ranging from the absence of formal policies in the public sector to decentralized experimentation in the technological sector and a cautious, compliance-oriented approach in the financial sector. The findings demonstrate that governance plays a decisive role in mitigating risks and promoting ethical, transparent, and secure practices. As a result, the Governance Framework for Artificial Intelligence (GIA) is proposed, structured around five dimensions: ethical principles, monitoring and evaluation, stakeholder engagement, ethical conflict resolution, and continuous training. The framework contributes to the responsible use of GenAI and strengthens corporate governance practices amid accelerated digital transformation.