O discurso político-partidário em relação às políticas públicas sociais : proposição de diretrizes normativas para os programas de governo e documentos partidários.

Abstract

This research analyzed the content of the political-ideological discourse of Brazilian political parties, proposing normative guidelines to establish minimum substantive requirements for binding social public policies within government programs and party documents. The central problem was defined as: which normative guidelines can be developed to mitigate the vagueness identified in these documents? The hypothesis maintained that, due to a normative absence, government programs and party documents generally present superficial content regarding social public policies, hindering citizen decision-making and the democratic process. From this perspective, it is understood that the proposal of guidelines in electoral legislation is necessary. These guidelines should encompass minimum discursive and substantive content regarding agenda-setting, formulation, implementation, planning, specific objectives, and goals in social public policies, serving as a material requirement for filing government programs with the Electoral Justice. The general objective was to establish normative guidelines for crafting minimum content on social public policies within government programs and party documents. The specific objectives addressed the characterization of public policies, their cycle phases, and the actors involved through the interaction between Law and Politics; the analysis and conceptualization of ideologies and political ideologies; the examination of political decision-making prerequisites and the electoral process; the role of political ideologies in voting and the importance of government programs; the conceptualization and history of political parties; the analysis of party autonomy and political-ideological classification on the right-left scale; the analysis of the content present in party discourse within government programs and party documents; and the substantiation of normative guidelines for drafting said documents. This research is justified by the fact that social public policies are ways of fulfilling constitutional social promises, depending substantially on State action for their construction and implementation. Thus, the theme addresses issues of social impact that sustain and transform society through interaction within the social context. Methodologically, a qualitative and deductive approach was adopted, using an asynchronous case study and content analysis of political-party discourse, mediated by the CAQDAS tool (Atlas.ti software). The corpus comprised the government programs and party documents of the MDB, PSDB, PDT, and PT parties. The spatial scope was the elections for the Governor of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, and the temporal scope covered the 2018 and 2022 elections. The results indicated the need for greater normative rigor regarding social public policies in government programs, which partially confirmed the hypothesis.