Entre invisibilidades e reconhecimentos : o exercício da cidadania por travestis e transexuais no Brasil e os desafios da atuação estatal.

Abstract

The dissertation critically analyzes the exercise of citizenship by travestis and transgender people in Brazil, highlighting the gap between the formal legal recognition of their rights and the substantive realization of those same rights in everyday life. Although the legal system has advanced through decisions of the Federal Supreme Court, public policies, and infra-legal regulations, structural barriers persist in the fields of education, employment, health, housing, and civil documentation, keeping this population in a situation of exclusion and vulnerability. The research question guiding this study is: how has the Brazilian State, through the Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary branches, acted (or failed to act) in promoting the substantive citizenship of travestis and transgender people in the face of structural exclusion and historical violence? The central objective of the research is to examine the actions of the branches of the Brazilian State within this context, taking into account the institutional, political, and cultural limitations that hinder the promotion of full and equal citizenship. A qualitative methodology is adopted, based on bibliographic review, documentary analysis, and indirect empirical data, drawing on theoretical frameworks such as José Murilo de Carvalho and Jessé Souza, as well as international instruments like the Yogyakarta Principles. The dissertation is organized into four chapters, ranging from the denial of fundamental rights to concrete experiences of resistance and citizenship building by trans people, seeking to understand the mechanisms that perpetuate inequalities and to outline guidelines for overcoming the structural selectivity of the State. The study ultimately proposes pathways for the realization of human rights grounded in dignity, equality, and social justice.