Impactos ambientais em hospitais veterinário : proposta de organização de plano de gestão ambiental para procedimentos cirúrgicos por meio de ferramentas integradas.

Abstract

Brazil is home to the third largest pet population in the world, reinforcing the importance of animal health care and the proper management of waste generated in Veterinary Hospitals (VH). This waste, classified as Healthcare Waste by RDC 222/2018, has particularities that demand specific approaches. This thesis aimed to develop a proposal for the elaboration of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) focused on the surgical block of the VH, based on data from ovariohysterectomy (OVH), the procedure performed most frequently in 2024. The research was conducted through Method Triangulation Analysis: Systematic Literature Review (SLR) - Life Cycle Inventory Analysis (LCIA) - Management of Environmental Aspects and Impacts. The SLR identified flaws in the segregation, packaging, and disposal of waste, as well as a lack of professional training. Subsequently, an Integrative Review analyzed good environmental practices and tools, highlighting the absence of specific guidelines for VH. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) pointed out the environmental impacts generated by the elective overhead and throat (OVH) surgical procedure, highlighting the use of disposable products and incineration as critical points. Based on these results, a proposal was structured for the development of an Management Environmental Plan (MEP) for the surgical block based on the elective OVH procedure. The proposal includes practical and sustainable measures for this procedure, promoting legal compliance, efficiency, and progress in the organization's sustainability. As a future study, it is recommended to deepen and expand the application of the methodology to other sectors of the hospital, strengthening sustainability throughout the veterinary hospital structure.