Verticalização urbana em cidades médias : o caso de Santa Cruz do Sul - RS.

Abstract

This work presents the results of a study that aims to analyze the development process of verticalization in Brazilian medium-sized cities, especially, the case of Santa Cruz do Sul-RS, on time between 1970 and 2010, particularly its dynamics in configuration space city. The process of urban verticalization in Brazilian medium-sized cities has demonstrated its own characteristics and dynamics of amplified reproduction of urban space. The objective of this study was to describe and to analyze the process of urban verticalization of Santa Cruz do Sul, in the period between 1970 and 2010, identifying its main agents, its action strategies and urban development context. Initially this work is composed by a theoretical review of the concept of verticalization and the process of urban verticalization in Brazil. Second, it is shown characterization of some studies related to the development process of verticalization in medium-sized cities in Brazil. Next, there are results, analysis and considerations about the process of urban verticalization in Santa Cruz do Sul that is a medium-sized city located in central eastern of Rio Grande do Sul and an important tobacco industrial center of Brazil. As a methodology, it was decided to establish a stage composed of three periods: first period between 1970 and 1986 that is characterized by the occurrence of the internationalization of processing tobacco industries and initial development of real estate market; on the second period between 1987 and 1994 it occurs process of verticalization during the deep economic crisis in Brazil; and, finally, third period between 1995 and 2010, which grows having as a starting point stabilization of the Brazilian economy from the Real Plan, through implementation of the Growth Acceleration Program. Still, it was adopted, as the study area, the boundary of urban perimeter of Santa Cruz do Sul, and as universe, it was determined public and private buildings, including from four floors. It was observed that the process of urban verticalization of Santa Cruz do Sul is more concentrated in central area of the city because of infrastructure, trade and services that are installed there. This process was developed with greater intensity since the early years of the 1970s, especially with the beginning of internationalization of tobacco sector. With the implementation of the University of Santa Cruz do Sul, in 1993, that is located in the northern part of the city, the verticalization reaches neighborhoods that are adjacent to this institution. Nowadays this process is no longer restricted to the central and northern areas. It also reaches neighborhoods that are located in the south area, especially from the construction of residential buildings condominium with financial resource of My House, My Life Program.