A governança da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre : atores, processos e desafios.

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the Governance characteristics in Porto Alegre Metropolitan Region (PAMR), since its institutionalization until today (1973 – 2011). This is a descriptive and interpretative research. It uses a qualitative analysis to study the different ways of region articulation in the metropolitan space. This requires a bibliographical research, secondary data and opened interviews representing management processes, planning and region development. The theoretical and conceptual study searches for a dialogue with the thinkers in regards to the topics: metropolitan regions and governance, development and regional planning. Three periods are established: First Period (1973 to 1988) – Since the Official institution of the Metropolitan Region to 1988 Federal Constitution. Second Period (1989 to 2000) – Since the 1989 State Constitution to the development of the country's democratization to the year 2000; and the third period (2001 to 2011) – From city’s statute approval to the end of 2011. A management can be found on the first period, characterized by an exclusive responsibility of the executive branch, with a stronger federal and state-centered aspect. The planning was present, even with military characteristics. The second period is characterized by the disregard with the goal related to the Metropolitan Regions. The PAMR is left without institutional arrangements able to think and act on the region. The regional Planning has been forgotten, and it happens only on individual aspects, do not considering the region at all. This stage can be considered a transition, which the PAMR is not Executive branch exclusivity, but it is also not a Governance, I take it as a shared management among government, civil society & private sector. Each one is manifested on this period, but they did not build anything together. The third period can be considered as a retake on the Metropolitan goal. New social actors have been incorporated on the debate. Since the State Constitution in 1989, the PAMR has been asking for a deliberative organ that fills the vacuum on the Metropolitan institutionality. It only happened in 2011, with the complementary Law number 13.854, December 26, 2011 which creates the Deliberative Council and the PAMR Governance Office. Therefore, after almost 40 years (1973 – 2011) the Deliberative Council reappears. It analyses the administrative and associative overlaps, as well as the different regionalization of State Secretaries (Planning, public safety and public health) and its influences on the regional governance. In an overview it is evident that the public politics should take a look in a less fragmented way, and a dialog among all the parts is also vital, it does not matter if they are from different sectors or different scope of activity. Thus, one may conclude that it is necessary a common vision from all the social actors, on the construction of important structural actions and not just at certain points. So that, there will be no dichotomy between the technical and politics areas, but, instead, those can be together to support the Governance.