Os programas 'Saúde na escola' e 'Saúde e prevenção nas escolas' : dos riscos biopolíticos à estratégia de governamento dos sujeitos escolares.

Abstract

This master’s thesis aims to analyze the programs 'Health in School (PSE)' and 'Health and Prevention in Schools (SPE)' - Public Policy of the School health - as strategies of governmentality and regulation of the social body. Therefore, it is discussed from the genealogical proposal of Michel Foucault, the emergence of Brazilian public policies of health in an attempt to understand how health has become a public policy and to establish a trajectory of Public Health Policy in Brazil. Having focused on health at school environment, by analyzing the hygienist movement, it was sought to identify how health penetrated the school environment, becoming a control strategy to the school bodies. The analysis of selected programs allows identify like these documents as constitute governmentality strategies, promoting regulation of ways of living and exercising control over the bodies. It is problematized also how the guidelines contained in these programs promote the management of risks to the school population, since it is from these guidelines that are shaped behaviors perceived as healthy, stimulating through individual accountability, the adoption of habits that allow to lead a life protected from the risks. Thus, it is considered that the programs analyzed represent forms of governmentality and biopolitic strategies, as these public policies exert a form of control and investment on the lives of people, particularly on school population. In this way, those politics constituting as a government strategy of the populations that, through guidance determinations, lead conduct forms and dictate behavior regarded as healthy.